BACCI, Andrea (1524-1600). De naturali vinorum historia de vinis Italiae, et de conviviis antiquorum libri septem. Rome: Niccolò Muzi, 1596 [al colophon: 1597]. First edition of one of the most important Renaissance treatises dedicated to the history of wine, considered the first attempt to systematize European enology. Doctor of Sixtus V, scholar and naturalist, Andrea Bacci addresses wine from a medical, historical and antique perspective, describing its qualities, production methods and therapeutic properties. The work dedicates ample space to the wines of the Italian peninsula, comparing them with those of France, Spain, Germany, Greece and other European countries, rebuilding their historical origins, vinification techniques and the role in the food culture of the ancient and modern world. Of particular interest are the chapters dedicated to the banquets of antiquity (convivia), in which Bacci reconstructs uses, rituals and customs of the consumption of wine near Greeks and Romans, merging direct observation with a vast apparatus of classical sources. Folio (305 x 210mm). Architectural calcographic frontispiece with portrait of the author and coat of arms of the Colonna family; large full-page calcograph table depicting a machine for the production of wine; initials and xylographic heads; wrong in the end (light blooms). Elegant 17th century ligature in full parchment, gold title on the back piece, blue cuts (lack at the plates). (1)